See fogal on Wiktionary
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18
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"ref": "1853, François-René de Chateaubriand, Memorias d'alem da campa Volume 2, Typographia de J. Lourenço de Sousa, page 70",
"text": "O focal (census pro singulis FOCIS exactus) era um censo, ou uma espécie de imposto, que os plebeus pagavam por cada fogo.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
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},
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]
},
{
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]
},
{
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]
},
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{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "fϟxel"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "vogel"
},
{
"lang": "Skepi Creole Dutch",
"lang_code": "skw",
"word": "fogul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saramaccan",
"lang_code": "srm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fóu"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "fowru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saramaccan",
"lang_code": "srm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fóu"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "vol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saramaccan",
"lang_code": "srm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fóu"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "vool"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "vogel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "voël"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "voël"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "fϟxel"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "vogel"
},
{
"lang": "Skepi Creole Dutch",
"lang_code": "skw",
"word": "fogul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saramaccan",
"lang_code": "srm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fóu"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "fowru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saramaccan",
"lang_code": "srm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fóu"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "vol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saramaccan",
"lang_code": "srm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fóu"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "vool"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "veugel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "vogel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "voeagel"
},
{
"lang": "West Flemish",
"lang_code": "vls",
"word": "veugel"
},
{
"lang": "Zealandic",
"lang_code": "zea",
"word": "veugel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "vōgel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gmw-pro:*fugl"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*fugl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"fogal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" }\" data-lang=\"odt\" data-title=\"fogal\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fugl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fugl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fuglaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fuglaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *fugl, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "odt-decl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fogal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogala",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogala",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogales",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogalo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogale",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogalon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vogal",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fogal m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "fogal m",
"name": "odt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fogal",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "odt-decl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Dutch entries with etymon",
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old Dutch masculine nouns",
"Old Dutch nouns",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"odt:Animals",
"odt:Birds"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"english": "all birds have started to build their nests",
"ref": "11th century, Hebban olla vogala:",
"text": "hebban olla vogala nestas hagunnan",
"translation": "all birds have started to build their nests",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bird"
],
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "fogal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fogalōn"
},
{
"word": "sēfogal"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Fogel"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Vogel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Foghel"
},
{
"lang": "Kölsch",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Furrel"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Vuggel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Foghel"
},
{
"lang": "Kölsch",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Furrel"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"raw_tags": [
"Colognian Academy spelling"
],
"word": "Vugel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Foghel"
},
{
"lang": "Kölsch",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "Furrel"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"raw_tags": [
"scattered variant in Moselle Franconian"
],
"word": "Vuul"
},
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "vóoghel"
},
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "bóoghel"
},
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "vogl"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Vogel"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Vugel"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Vull"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"word": "Voggel"
}
],
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr"
},
{
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"lang_code": "wym",
"word": "föguł"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "foygl",
"word": "פֿויגל"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "vogel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fugl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fugl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fuglaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fuglaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fugol"
},
"expansion": "Old English fugol",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fugl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fugl",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *fugl, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz, whence also Old English fugol, Old Norse fugl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "goh-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fogal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogalā",
"links": [
[
"fogalā",
"fogala#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogalā",
"links": [
[
"fogalā",
"fogala#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogalo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fogalum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fogalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fugal",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fogal m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "fogal m",
"name": "goh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fogal"
},
"name": "goh-decl-noun-a-m"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old High German a-stem nouns",
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German masculine nouns",
"Old High German nouns",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"goh:Birds"
],
"glosses": [
"bird"
],
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "fogal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":af",
"3": "fogo",
"4": "-al",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ-der.?\nLatin focum\nOld Galician-Portuguese fogo\nPortuguese fogo\nPortuguese -al\nPortuguese fogal\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"shine\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰeh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰegʷʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"focus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"fogo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"fogo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"fogal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"fogal\">\nFrom fogo + -al.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la-med",
"2": "focālis",
"3": "",
"4": "hearth tax"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin focālis (“hearth tax”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ-der.?\nLatin focum\nOld Galician-Portuguese fogo\nPortuguese fogo\nPortuguese -al\nPortuguese fogal\nFrom fogo + -al. Compare Medieval Latin focālis (“hearth tax”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fogais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "fogal m (plural fogais)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fo",
"gal"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (shine)",
"Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰegʷʰ-",
"Portuguese terms suffixed with -al",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese terms with historical senses",
"Portuguese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Portuguese quotations",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/2 syllables",
"pt:Taxation"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1853, François-René de Chateaubriand, Memorias d'alem da campa Volume 2, Typographia de J. Lourenço de Sousa, page 70",
"text": "O focal (census pro singulis FOCIS exactus) era um censo, ou uma espécie de imposto, que os plebeus pagavam por cada fogo.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hearth tax, a tax levied on each household"
],
"links": [
[
"taxation",
"taxation"
],
[
"hearth tax",
"hearth tax"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, taxation) hearth tax, a tax levied on each household"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"government",
"sciences",
"taxation"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/foˈɡaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[foˈɡaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈɡal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[fuˈɣaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈɡa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "fogal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fogal meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.